Every ten years since 1952, the British Film Institute’sSight & Sound magazine has published a list titled the Critics’ Top Ten Poll: the organization’s ranking of the ten best movies ever made. And every ten years since 1962, there has been one standing consistency:Citizen Kane has always been BFI’s number one pick. Until now.
The 2012 incarnation of the list has been published, and Citizen Kane has fallen to the number two spot. Taking its place: Alfred Hitchcock’s classic Vertigo. Check out the full list below:
1) Vertigo (1958), directed by Alfred Hitchcock
2) Citizen Kane (1941), directed by Orson Welles
3) Tokyo Story (1953), directed by Yasujiro Ozu
4) La Règle du jeu (The Rules of the Game)(1939), directed by Jean Renoir
5) Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans (1927), directed by F. W. Murnau
6) 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), directed by Stanley Kubrick
7) The Searchers (1956), directed by John Ford
8) Man with a Movie Camera (1929), directed by Dziga Vertov
9) The Passion of Joan of Arc (1928), directed by Carl Theodor Dreyer
10) 8½ (1963), directed by Federico Fellini
Vertigo is a great film, no doubt. Better than Kane? Maybe. But why has this movie, which came out in 1958 (before Citizen Kane‘s first turn as number one, even) suddenly been recognized as the superior picture?
The 1952 Top Ten list didn’t include Citizen Kane at all, even though it had come out eleven years prior. But over time, it grew on people. Quite effectively. Now, over half a century after Vertigo‘s release, it has inched to the top of the list (the movie first graced the list in ’82 at the number seven spot, inching up to number four in ’92, and reaching number two in ’02).
It took twenty-one years for Citizen Kane to earn the top spot, and fifty-four for Vertigo. Maybe a film’s persistence of quality is considered by the critics brought on to devise their choices. As such, Vertigomaintaining its appeal so long after its creation would afford it a few extra points in the minds of contributors to the list. Or maybe there’s just a stigma against pictures that have come out too recently. Is a critic deterred from recognizing the power of a movie that came out in his or her lifetime?
Four out of the ten recognized films came out prior to 1940. Even the most recent release on the list, 2001: A Space Odyssey, is forty-four years old. The critical community cherishes the old; and while this can be chalked up to the pioneering of new ideas and artistic methods, there are plenty of movies from 1970 onward that deserve credit for their achievement and influence.
This is reflected in the Directors’ Top Ten Poll — a list that Sight & Sound began publishing in 1992. This year’s incarnation of the list includes a handful of more recent, and probably more widely familiar, pieces of cinematic art:
1) Tokyo Story (1953), directed by Yasujiro Ozu
2) 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), directed by Stanley Kubrick
3) Citizen Kane (1941), directed by Orson Welles
4) 8½ (1963), directed by Federico Fellini
5) Taxi Driver (1976), directed by Martin Scorsese
6) Apocalypse Now (1979), directed by Francis Ford Coppola
7) The Godfather (1972), directed by Francis Ford Coppola
8) Vertigo (1968), directed by Alfred Hitchcock
9) Mirror (1975), directed by Andrei Tarkovsky
10) Bicycle Thieves (1948), directed by Vittorio De Sica
Vertigo, Citizen Kane, and 2001 again find recognition, as do the films Tokyo Story and 8½. But beyond those are a slew of ’70s pictures: The Godfather,Apocalypse Now, Taxi Driver, and the Russian filmMirror. But is there any chance that either of BFI’s lists can recognize films from the ’80s, ’90s, even the 2000s, in the near future? And if so, what films would most likely earn highlighted spots? Some other contemporary lists could provide insight:
The American Film Institute recognizes the 1993 filmSchindler’s List as number nine on its Top 100 Movies list.
The rating results on Rotten Tomatoes event in a Best Movies of All Time list that is largely recent films. Here is the site’s top five:
1) Man on Wire (2008), directed by James Marsh
2) Toy Story 2 (1999), directed by Josh Lassiter (co-directed by Ash Brannon and Lee Unkrich)
3) Taxi to the Dark Side (2007), directed by Alex Gibney
4) The Interrupters (2011), directed by Steve James
5) Toy Story (1995), directed by John Lassiter
(It warrants mention that this was not created as a comprehensive list, but resulted automatically from the ratings applied to these movies by the site’s active critics. Nevertheless, it’s proof that people are still making terrific, important, resonant movies.)
Various outlets will cite some newer pictures as superior products. 1993’s Shawshank Redemption is consistently the highest rated film on IMDb. The Google search for “Top Movies of All Time” results in thumbnails including 1982’s E.T., 1994’s Pulp Fiction, 2008’s The Dark Knight, and 1994’s Forrest Gump. And if you ask anyone from my high school, the absolute best thing to come out of the realm of cinema is invariably 2003’s 2 Fast 2 Furious. Seriously, we watched that movie all the time.
So if newer pictures are so prevalent in other venues’ recognition of great cinematic art, why does the BFI tread so differently? Why does it feel more “respectable” to love older movies when plenty of newer ones are just as good? Why does it take fifty years to admit, “Okay, we can finally shift this film up to the number one spot”?
We won’t know what turns the perspectives of Sight & Sound will take for ten years now. And of course, there’s nothing substantially wrong with one organization that seems to religiously prefer old to new — just as long as film continues to be appreciated, and contemporary artists are afforded due credit for pioneering new ideas and new means of storytelling. Because as many ideas there are that have been captured on screen, and as many devices for committing those ideas there are that have been utilized, there are still an endless supply being explored and invented today.
